JAMES FENDALL PARKINSON
Mrs. Hemans,
in her poem, ''The Homes of England," says
"The stately homes of England,
How beautiful they stand,
Amidst their tall ancestral trees.
O'er all the pleasant land !"
Virginia, in so many ways like England, has many such homes,
and "Oak Spring," in New Kent County, since Revolutionary days the
home of the Parkinson family, recalls the poet's lines. The place took its name
from a splendid oak which shades a generous spring. The house, which was built
before the Revolutionary War, stands on a slight elevation, and not far away
are numerous poplar trees. In all these years many stories of romance and
adventure have gathered around this Virginia country home. During the
Revolutionary War two sons of the family were at home on furlough when suddenly
numerous "red coats" appeared, who demanded the keys of the smoke
house. Down from the "long room" the soldier boys came, and, with
sticks as their only weapons, arrested the British soldiers. At "Oak
Spring" James Fendall Parkinson was born May 9, 1814. Here he spent his
life and here he died. He was the third son of Joseph and Ellie Parkinson. His
mother was left a widow at the early age of thirty, but she managed her
plantation with such remarkable ability that she succeeded in giving her
children a good education. Upon a horse of pony build, she rode over the place
from day to day giving directions as to how the work of the farm was to be
done. Her son James, after having attended preparatory schools near home,
entered the Virginia Baptist Seminary, now known as Richmond College. Here he
gave his especial attention to mathematics and surveying, though the classics
were not neglected, as he desired to fit himself for the position of county
surveyor. This position, his father, a graduate of William and Mary College,
had filled. For some years after leaving the College, Mr. Parkinson was a most
successful teacher, and the accurate county surveyor. He was noted for his
strict sense of honor and possessed in the highest degree the confidence of all
classes of people.
At a camp-meeting held
at Emmaus Baptist Church, New Kent County, when Elders John Kerr and J. B.
Jeter were the chief preachers, Mr. Parkinson made a profession of his faith in
Christ, and was baptized into the fellowship of this church. While a consistent
member of the church from the time of his baptism onward, it was some years
before he gave himself to the gospel ministry. When this step had been taken
his first pastorate was at North Run Church, near Richmond. Later he became the
pastor of Emmaus, his mother church, but the greater, and what he considered
the most useful, part of his ministry was given to Black Creek Church, in
Hanover County, and to Hopewell Church, in New Kent County. These two churches,
the former twelve miles and the latter eight miles from his home (New Kent and
Hanover are adjoining counties), he served for almost a quarter of a century,
and at the time of his death there were not more than two or three persons in
either church who had not been received or baptized by him. With loyal devotion
the welfare of these churches was among his last thoughts. As a preacher, he
was earnest, pointed, practical. He preached Christ crucified, and his hearers
always felt that the truth he proclaimed was very precious to his own soul. As
a winner of souls he was successful in a high degree, and as a pastor he was
faithful and devoted. He was a most useful man in his community, loved and
trusted by all who knew him, and his advice was sought by those who were
troubled or in perplexity. He was the peacemaker of the community, and on his
own plantation had the affection of his slaves, to whom he was kind and
generous.
In 1840, Mr. Parkinson was married to Miss Hannah Williams,
daughter of Mr. Jesse Williams, of Richmond, Va. Her death, on the fourteenth
anniversary of their marriage, left him with six little children. In 1857, he
was married to Miss Maria Louise Cocke, a daughter of James and Elizabeth
Cocke, of King William County. The only child of this second marriage was a
daughter. The period of the Civil War and the Reconstruction days that followed
was a peculiarly trying time to the section of Virginia where Mr. Parkinson
lived, and he did not escape the stress and strain of those awful years. His
sons went forth with their country's army, one of them serving all through the
War as a scout under General J. E. B. Stuart. Mr. Parkinson rendered most
valuable service to his community by teaching his neighbors' sons, who
otherwise would have been deprived of school advantages, for it is too true
that letters no less than laws suffer when war appears; inter arma silent
leges. When the cruel conflict was over "Oak Spring," along with
other Virginia homes, was in a devastated condition, but Mr. Parkinson, with
brave and dauntless heart, set out, aided by his sons, to cultivate his farm,
guiding with his own hands, when it was necessary, the plow. This severe manual
labor, to which he was not accustomed, doubtless shortened his days. Mr.
Parkinson was by inclination and habit a student rather than a farmer. His
leisure moments found him holding converse with the great spirits of the world
through their writings. It was the normal thing to see him with a book in his
hand. Yet when the necessity came upon him he kept up his farm, and gave
especial care to his apple orchard. As his sons grew up he sought to see them
well started in life. For one he accepted a place in a Richmond tobacco
warehouse. After a week or so, however, the youth returned, having ridden home
on a passing wagon. He said that he could not stand the confusion of the city,
and that he would choose the country even if it meant poverty. As the position
offered was too good an opportunity to be lost, Mr. Parkinson sent another son
to take it, and he is now one of Richmond's most prosperous citizens.
This record of Mr. Parkinson's life sufficiently shows the
spirit of the man, and makes any attempt to further set forth his character
unnecessary. Yet one other statement about him, at once interesting and
inspiring, should be made. As a boy he is said to have had a most violent
temper, but before his riper years were past he had come to have such complete
control over himself in this regard that those who did not know him in his
younger days little dreamed of the fire that once was quick to burst forth. Yet
he had not lost spirit, for upon occasion he could be most positive and
emphatic. His life was his best preparation for death, yet during his last
illness he gave most emphatic evidence of his firm trust in his Redeemer, and
of his entire resignation to God's will. On September 6, 1880, he fell on
sleep. His wife followed him to the grave February 5, 1893, and her body sleeps
beneath the sod in the beautiful Hollins cemetery
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