Providence Forge 1931

Providence Forge 1931
photograph of Providence Forge looking south from Railroad tracks- 1931
Showing posts with label Jone's Bridge. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Jone's Bridge. Show all posts

Tuesday, March 21, 2023

An Action at Forge Bridge - With Stuart's Cavalry


The "Gallant" Pelham- 23 at the time of the action below

This reconnoiter of New Kent would have taken place at the beginning of July 1862 some two weeks after Stuarts famous ride around the Union lines.

 

 Leaving the Cold Harbor field that morning, our regiment marched in advance of General Ewell's troops towards Dispatch Station, and on the way found two field pieces of Tidball's Battery, which had been abandoned on their retreat. Soon we separated from the infantry, they inclining towards James River and we directing our course to the White House, on the Pamunkey. Some skirmishing occurred as we approached the latter place. Captain Pelham did some cannonading. Very soon the smoke of burning buildings and army supplies gave signs that the Federal troops there were abandoning the place. We approached cautiously for a time (a gunboat still remaining to guard the place), and then took eager possession. We found our colonel's (W. H. F. Lee's) house was a bed of red hot embers. A number of adjacent houses were still hot and smoking from the torches that had been applied.

The mass of commissary, quarter-master, medical, and sutler's supplies not yet burned was enormous. Army wagons had been backed over the river bank until they formed an island, the wagon tongues in great numbers protruding out of the water. Muskets and carbines had been cast into the river until one could stand on them dry shod above the current, so large was the pile.

A hospital of new white tents occupied a large part of one of the fields of the plantation, arranged in orderly rows, and furnished with cots, and every necessary facility and utensil for the care and comfort of the wounded of a great battle. As I moved among them, the thought could not be suppressed of how sadly the thousands of McClellan's bleeding men on the Chickahominy needed the hospital, and how utterly useless it had proved to them.

Having observed some locomotives and cars standing on the tracks, I examined them to see if the cars were there which had run the gauntlet of our fire at Tunstall's Station two weeks previously, during the raid made by Stuart. They were soon found, and the bullet marks on them bore witness to the severity of the fire through which they had passed.

Our physical wants were abundantly supplied here, and the next day we moved back towards the Chickahominy, and halted on the wooded hills above Forge Bridge. A body of Federal infantry and a section of artillery held positions near this bridge. The hill beyond was elevated and unobstructed by timber. Some delay and reconnoitering resulted from seeing the enemy here. Suddenly, as we were watching from our sheltered position, Pelham dashed forward, with two guns, down the incline and across the plain, and taking position near the river, opened on the guns on the hilltop. He had already received their fire. The duel became rapid and exciting. It was quickly apparent that Pelham's guns were aimed with fatal effects. At each discharge of them a man, or a horse, was seen to fall or flee.  
In a few minutes after the firing began, the Federal guns were in full retreat. As they dashed along the road in the distance, we saw the branches of the cedars falling about them, cut down by Pelham's parting shots.  
As illustrative of the exaggeration and unreliability which often marked reports of engagements sent in from the field, that of Lieutenant Val. H. Stone, commanding the Federal guns on this occasion at Forge Bridge, is a striking example. He reported: "June 30, 11 A.M., the rebels appeared on the opposite side. At 1 P.M. they opened fire with eight guns. I was under fire the greater portion of the time until 6 P.M. For two hours of the time, I had their guns completely silenced. . . . My riding horse was killed with a shell. No men killed in my command. One of the cavalry killed. Considerable loss on the enemy's side.''  
It is quite likely that other participants in this affair on the Union side gave a different version of it, since the officer, Major Robert M. West, to whom the above quoted report was addressed, indorsed on it: "This young officer, with new horses and men that had never been tried, performed exceedingly well, considering." To those of us on the opposite side it seemed that the only performance in which he acted "exceedingly well" was the rapidity of his flight.  
No attempt was made by us that evening to cross the abandoned bridge, but about dark I was sent along with our squadron to ascertain the position of the enemy in the direction of New Kent Courthouse. It fell to my lot to ride with another man in advance, and it was an exciting ride, not knowing at what moment a watchful enemy might salute us with a volley. We had come within one or two hundred yards of the court house, when, discerning an object in a ditch by the road side, my comrade said in a low tone: "It's a cow," whereupon the Yankee picket spurred his horse from the ditch, and too much startled to fire a shot, disappeared at a gallop in the darkness. We turned back to report the circumstance, when the officer commanding us, having heard a bustle, as of troops mounting, in the direction of the enemy faced about, and hastened back at a trot.  
My position became then in the rear, and before going far, from carelessness in sitting properly in my saddle it turned on the horse's back precipitating me to the ground. The column moved on rapidly, no one in the line being conscious of the accident. I was left alone in the road with my saddle loosely strapped to the horse's belly instead of his back.  
Hearing that the enemy was in pursuit, and might dash up on me in a moment, I led my impatinet(sic) and restless horse (neighing lustily for the others of the command) down into the woods and fastened him to a limb, and then proceeded to adjust the saddle while he pawed and pranced. I succeeded in saddling and mounting him with intense satisfaction, and on getting back into the road, gave him the rein. He followed the track of the other horses and before long caught up with them.  
It was daybreak when we reached our regiment, and by the time our horses could eat we were in motion for Bottom's Bridge, twelve miles higher up the river. From some over sanguine source we were informed that we were marching to witness the surrender of McClellan's army — information which, however groundless, made us forgetful of fatigue and the last night's sleeplessness.  
On reaching the above-named bridge with slight delay, our column was turned about and somewhat impatiently and wearily we marched back to the point we had left in the morning. We were not halted here, but passed over the Forge Bridge, and on the hill beyond saw a dead horse, and under the cedars farther on two freshly made graves — silent witnesses of Pelham's death- dealing shots seen by us the day previous. Our march was towards Malvern Hill, near which place we halted for the night. Having ridden fifty miles or more, I tied my horse to a fence and gave him his frugal meal, and then threw myself down, sleepy and almost exhausted, in a shallow ditch by the fence side, and was soon in the deepest unconsciousness. The rain fell during the night in a heavy downpour, but I knew it not. When I awoke next morning, water stood around me, and as I raised my body up out of it, I could hear the noise of suction such as a log makes when lifted up out of soft mud. 

- A Lieutenant of Cavalry in Lee's Army by G. W. Beale


George William Beale (1842-1921) of the Northern Neck was the son of Congressman Richard L. T. Beale. Later in life a Baptist minister he was the father of Richard Lee Beale who was Commonwealth's Attorney for Caroline County early in the 20th Century

The Pelham referenced is the famous, "Gallant Pelham,"(picture above) boy officer of the artillery of the Army of Northern Virginia. Pelham was killed in action in 1863 at the age of 24.

Thursday, July 3, 2014

Engagement at Jone's Bridge- June 22, 1864



June 22- Reveille at 3.30. Boots and saddles at 3.45. At 10 a.m. marched via Baltimore Crossroads, Mt. Olivet Church and Jones Bridge on the Chickahominy. Found a small force of the enemy at the bridge attempting to destroy it. These were quickly driven away by the advance the bridge repaired and the regiment crossed over followed by the division and marched two miles beyond the regiment going on picket to hold the different roads leading to James River. 
June 23d- In the morning the Ninth New York was ordered to move on to Charles City CH. and patrol the road to Windham's Landing and Wilcox's Wharf. Devin, with the rest of the brigade, had moved up the south side of the Chickahominy toward Long Bridge. At 1 p.m. the pickets of the Sixth New York, under Captain Wales, were suddenly attacked by a large force and driven; in the regiment went at once to their support and a sharp action took place, the enemy being much superior in numbers. Soon the Fourth New York and Seventeenth Pennsylvania and six companies of colored troops just from the White House came to their support and a fierce but short engagement ended in the entire rout of the enemy which proved to be Chambliss brigade. Drove them back two or three miles and then returned. The casualties in the regiment were quite heavy among the killed being Corporals Samuel A Fanshaw and David Phillips of Troop I and Sergeant Samuel May wounded.

 -History of the Sixth New York Cavalry: (Second Ira Harris Guard) Second Brigade -- First Division -- Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, 1861-1865
Compiled by Hillman Allyn Hall, William B. Besley, Gilbert Guion Wood
Blanchard Press, 1908

Thursday, May 22, 2014

Action at Jones' Bridge- Forty-second Cavalry

 Fresh information as to what Confederate unit was displaced from Providence Forge by the First United States Colored Cavalry. It was the hard luck Forty-second Battalion Virginia Cavalry.
Here, the Daily Examiner is more merciful than when it described the affair at Charles City Courthouse from the previous December . . .

Information was also received last night that Liuetenant-Colonel ROBBINS, commanding Forty-second battalion of Virginia cavalry, at Forge's bridge, on the Lower Chickahominy, had been driven back by a force of the enemy's cavalry.- The position he held was indefensible, and he was induced to retire more by consideration of prudence than by the enemy's demonstration.

- Richmond Daily Examiner: May 6, 1864

Bridge Repairs- Sheridan on the Chickahominy.

    HDQRS. CAVALRY CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
                Haxalls, May 16, 1864.

Brig. Gen. D. McM. GREGG,
                Commanding Second Cavalry Division:
The major-general commanding directs that you send one regiment and the pioneers of your division to Jones' Bridge over the Chickahominy and repair said bridge. You will send this detail without delay. If you require them, more tools can be sent you from these headquarters.

                        JAS. W. FORSYTH,
            Lieutenant-Colonel and Chief of Staff.



-The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. ; Series 1 - Volume 36 (Part II)


 Colonel James W. Forsyth went on to command the 7th Cavalry and was the commander of U.S. forces at the Wounded Knee "Massacre." He retired from active duty in 1906.




In this well-known photograph from the Peninsula Campaign, General Fitz-John Porter(he of the indomitable stare) confers with his staff. Lieut. George Custer reclines with the dog while Capt. Forsyth sits on the trunk on the left enjoying a pipe.

Thursday, May 15, 2014

Action at Jones' Bridge(Providence Forge)- The First United States Colored Cavalry


Gilmer map from VHS collection

 Wherein Frederick W. Browne describes how the 1st United States Colored Cavalry took Jones' Bridge .  . . . twice.

MY SERVICE IN THE U. S. COLORED CAVALRY
Having served over two years in a good, hard-fighting infantry regiment, and being encamped at Newport News, Va., holding the dignified rank of Sergeant, I one day met our little fighting Major John G. Chambers who asked me if I would like a commission in the 1st U. S. Colored Cavalry, then forming at Fort Monroe, to which I made answer that I would, and two or three days thereafter I received an order, mustering me out of the service and also an order to report to Colonel Garrard for duty as an officer of the new regiment. Early the next morning, going down to the wharf to embark for Ft. Monroe, I showed to the sentry on the wharf (as my authority for leaving) the order mustering me out. He looked it over and said in a home-sick way, “I would give $800 for that paper.” I reported to Colonel Garrard, and for the first time saw this officer with whose reputation as a brave and efficient Major of the 3d N. Y. Cavalry I had been well acquainted in the Department of North Carolina. This regiment, being the first colored cavalry regiment, had in its ranks a rather better class of men than the infantry regiments had; some being from the North and some being the outlaw negroes who, in slavery times, had been able to maintain their liberty in the swamps of Eastern Virginia and North Carolina. The regiment was officered largely from the 3d N. Y. Cavalry, and they were a thoroughly efficient and capable corps of officers. The regiment was soon filled, mounted and equipped, and constant drill soon made it have the manner and bearing of soldiers. Every one knew that the Campaign of 1864 meant business, and therefore all was in readiness when about May 1st orders came to move. We marched out through Hampton, of which not one house was left except the little old stone church which is still standing there. Through Big Bethel, the scene of one of the earliest disasters of the war, to Yorktown, memorable for its two sieges in two wars, and thence on to Williamsburg, passing between Yorktown and Williamsburg our infantry who, much to our surprise were marching very hurriedly back to Yorktown. We learned afterward they were put on board transports at Yorktown and sent up the James to City Point and Bermuda Hundred. The next day we went up the Peninsula, passing 6 and 12 Mile and burnt ordinarys, camping at night at New Kent Court House. I commanded the picket that night on the Bottoms Bridge Road and the enemy’s scouts were against us all night, keeping matters well stirred up. The next morning we turned South and met the enemy at Jones Ford on the Chickahominy. They were in an earthwork across the Ford and we opened on them with our howitzers in front and deployed as to cross in front, but a force was sent to the right up stream who managed to cross, and, coming down on the opposite side of the river, took the enemy in flank and soon drove them away from the ford. Killing some and capturing some of the enemy, and having some killed and wounded, our movement having been a feint to make the enemy believe that Butler’s Army of the James, as it was afterward called, was moving up the Peninsula, having been accomplished, we returned to Williamsburg, arriving there the next day, where, to our astonishment, we met an order to go back at once and cross the Chickahominy at Jones Ford, sometimes called Jones Bridge, and proceed to Harrison’s Landing, which we at once did, again fighting our way across at Jones Ford. Steamers were lying at the wharf in front of the old Westover mansion, and, going on board, we were soon thereafter landed at Bermuda Hundred and passing out took the advance of Butler’s Army, being at the time the only cavalry he had.

-My Service in the United States Colored Cavalry
Paper of Frederick W. Browne, Second Lieut. 1st U.S. Colored Cavalry
of Cincinnati, Ohio,
Read before The Ohio Commandery of The Loyal Legion,
March 4, 1908.


MOLLUS Massachusetts Civil War Photographs- USAHEC

 The (unfortunately watermarked) photograph of Col. Jeptha Garrard, commander of the First USCT Cavalry.

Monday, May 12, 2014

Action at Jones' Bridge(Providence Forge)- May 1864

FORT MAGRUDER, May [7], 1864.
Capt. A. F. PUFFER, Aide-de-Camp:
I tried the Chickahominy yesterday at Jones Bridge after a sharp skirmish, during which a party of dismounted colored cavalry crossed above the bridge and captured the enemys camp. The position was seized; the bridge was found to be entirely destroyed and no timber near to rebuild it with. The ford has been arranged so as to have sides almost perpendicular, and is very deepover a horses head. The men, from want of experience, lost most of their forage. I did not hear any guns on James River; therefore thought the army could not have gone up. Finally concluded to return, get more provisions and forage, go back quickly and better prepared to repair the crossing. This I will do, unless otherwise directed, and effect a junction with the general. The colored cavalry behaved splendidly. I do not want any better troops.

                    R. M. WEST,
                        Colonel, &c.

-The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. ; Series 1 - Volume 36 (Part II)